Law Dictionary

in pari delicto potior est condition defendentis

Latin maxim.

• “The law will not aid either party to an illegal agreement; it leaves the parties where it finds them.” (Bough v. Cantiveros, En Banc, G.R. No. 13300, September 29, 1919) • “the parties to a controversy are equally culpable or guilty, they shall have no action against each other, and it shall leave the parties where it finds them.” (Constantino v. Heirs of Pedro Constantino, G.R. No. 181508, October 2, 2013)

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Words and Phrases

stare decisis et non quieta movere

Latin maxim. • “to adhere to precedents and not to unsettle things which are established” (Lazatin v. Desierto, G.R. No. 147097, June 5, 2009)

index animi sermo

Latin maxim. • “speech is the index of intention” (Bolos v. Bolos, G.R. No. 186400, October 20, 2010)

in dubio pro reo

Latin maxim. • “when in doubt, for the accused” (People v. Salcena, G.R. No. 192261, November 16, 2011)

dura lex, sed lex

Latin maxim. • “The law is hard, but that is the law.” (Dela Cruz v. CA, G.R. Nos. 120652, 11 February 1998)

nemo dat quod non habet

Latin maxim. • “Nobody can give what he does not possess.” (Heirs of Hermosilla v. Sps. Remoquillo, G.R. No. 167320, January 30, 2007) • “one

legis non est recedendum

Latin maxim. • “from the words of a statute there should be no departure” (Bolos v. Bolos, G.R. No. 186400, October 20, 2010)

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par in parem non lizabet imperium

Latin maxim. • “[a]ll states are sovereign equals and cannot assert jurisdiction over one another.” (Arigo v. Swift, En Banc, G.R. No. 206510, September 16,

Swindling by Syndicate

1. Crime Swindling by a syndicate: Swindling (estafa) by syndicate is committed by a syndicate consisting of five or more persons formed with the intention

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Legal Maxims

ex dolo malo non oritur actio

Latin maxim. • “The law will not aid either party to an illegal agreement; it leaves the parties where it finds them.” (Bough v. Cantiveros,

Suggested Answers to Bar Exam Questions

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Annotations

Grave coercions, Revised Penal Code

1. Concept and legal basis Art. 286. Grave coercions. – The penalty of prisión correccional and a fine not exceeding One hundred thousand pesos (₱100,000)

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