1. Concept
| Art. 147. Illegal associations. – The penalty of prisión correccional in its minimum and medium periods and a fine not exceeding Two hundred thousand pesos (₱200,000) shall be imposed upon the founders, directors, and presidents of associations totally or partially organized for the purpose of committing any of the crimes punishable under this Code or for some purposed contrary to public morals. Mere members said associations shall suffer the penalty of arresto mayor. (Act No. 3815, Revised Penal Code) |
2. Mode of commission
2 modes of committing the offense:
1) The offenders are founders, directors, and presidents of associations; or
2) The offenders are members of said associations.
a. The offenders are founders, directors, and presidents of associations
Elements of the offense:
1) The offenders are founders, directors, and presidents of associations; and
2) These are totally or partially organized for the purpose of committing any of the crimes punishable under the Revised Penal Code or for some purpose contrary to public morals
b. The offenders are members of said associations
Elements of the offense:
1) The offenders are members of said associations; and
2) These are totally or partially organized for the purpose of committing any of the crimes punishable under the Revised Penal Code or for some purpose contrary to public morals
References
⦁ Title 3 – Crimes Against Public Order, Book 2, Revised Penal Code
